Protein Staining Services
Immunofluorescence (IF) & Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are both techniques used to visualize the location of specific proteins within cells or tissues, but they utilize different detection methods. IHC uses enzymatic reactions to produce a visible signal, while IF employs fluorescent dyes.
- Antibody Optimization
- Single Antibody Marker IHC
- Two-color immunostaining (brown and red chromogenic dual IHC)
- Multiplex Antibody Markers
Types of Immunofluorescence:
- Direct Immunofluorescence (DIF): The primary antibody is directly labeled with a fluorophore.
- Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF): A secondary antibody, conjugated to a fluorophore, is used to bind to the primary antibody.
Applications:
- Research: Studying protein localization, cellular processes, and disease mechanisms.
- Diagnostics: Detecting pathogens (like viruses), identifying abnormal cells (e.g., in cancer), and diagnosing diseases.
- Drug Discovery: Assessing the effectiveness of drugs by visualizing their interaction with target molecules.
Immunofluorescence: a powerful technique for visualizing cel
Immunofluoresence
Immunofluorescence is a type of assay used to detect specific antigens in biological samples or specimens, and vice versa. The specificity of antibodies to their antigen is the basis for immunofluorescence.
Visualising viral infection with immunofluorescence microscopy
Following the latest immunofluorescence data for our Zika and Dengue antibodies, we’ve invited VRS to write a short blog on one of their areas of expertise: the applications of immunofluorescence microscopy in studying viruses.
Direct vs Indirect Immunofluorescence
Figure 2. Immunofluoresence for ZO-1 and DAPI in Caco-2 cells
Figure 2. Immunofluoresence for ZO-1 and DAPI in Caco-2 cells
Figure 1. You can visualize multiple proteins at once using immunofluorescence, as long as you use different antibodies with fluorophores that are different colours. Figure by Christina (Yi) Peng.
Figure 2. Immunofluoresence for ZO-1 and DAPI in Caco-2 cells
Figure 2. Immunofluoresence for ZO-1 and DAPI in Caco-2 cells
Figure 2. Immunofluoresence for ZO-1 and DAPI in Caco-2 cells
Caco-2 cells were immunostained for ZO-1 (for tight junctions: in red) and DAPI (for nuclei; in blue). Secondary antibody goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) antibody, polyclonal, iFuor ™ 568. This image was contributed by Rasvinder Nund Singh at STEMCELL Technologies.